Thank you, Alex, that’s a very helpful update… how things change.

After passage of equal opportunity opportunity laws in the 1960s Pullman porters sued that they were doing a Pullman conductor’s paperwork as porter-in-charge but were paid much less. That wasn’t quite true as porters-in-charge were allowed only where there was a single Pullman car on the train. If there were two there had to be a conductor who also had supervisory responsibilities. A single car didn’t generate enough fares to pay two salaries. Since Pullman cars were being discontinued as people switched to the airlines, there were few if any opportunities for promotion. In 1968 Pullman discontinued all US operations but a shell of the company remained until the litigation was completed. Many former porters found employment with the individual railroads and later Amtrak. I rode with a former porter from Chicago to New York in 1975 on Amtrak.